Care and maintenance of conveyor belts

November 26, 2022

Strengthening the regular inspection and maintenance of conveyor belts and conveyors can prolong the service life of conveyor belts. When checking the conveyor belt, mainly check the following parts:

1. Bearing point: The bearing point is the vulnerable position of the conveyor belt. The belt speed and the material particle size, impact force and bearing running direction related to the operation of the conveyor belt are all important factors to pay attention to. The width of the receiving end of the discharge port guide groove should be large enough.

Loading materials on the angled point of the conveyor belt running direction will increase the wear of the belt surface. The impact of the material on the tape and off-center feeding will cause the tape to deviate along the roller to the other side, which will cause damage to the edge of the tape and aggravate the wear of the local surface.

Materials with large specific gravity and sharp edges and corners will have a certain impact or slide on the fast-moving tape, and will also scratch and wear the surface. A common way to reduce this wear is to put the powdery material on the tape first, followed by the bulk material, so that the powdery material acts as a cushion to protect the tape.

Set screen bars at a certain distance at the discharge trough, and the finely crushed materials will fall on the tape to form a cushion layer through the gaps of the screen bars, and the large materials will slowly fall on the cushion layer after passing through the screen bars to slow down. This reduces the impact of the material on the tape.

2. Material guide groove: The material guide groove is another reason for the wear of the tape surface. The closer it is to the tape, the more likely the wear will be. The material guide groove cannot be in contact with the tape, and there should be a certain gap between the bottom edge and the tape. The gap is wedge-shaped and gradually increases toward the running direction. The rubber anti-spill skirt on the lower edge of the chute should be checked frequently to prevent material from getting stuck. The fixed part of the loading point device must not come into contact with the tape surface, nor allow material to get stuck in the chute.

3. All rollers should be flexible. Improper selection of the diameter of the roller will have a bad effect on the service life of the belt. If there are many attachments on the pulley, it will lead to deviation of the conveyor belt, abnormal wear of the cover rubber, local fatigue or even rupture of the belt core. Therefore, it should be checked frequently and removed in time.

The driving roller lagging is to increase the friction coefficient, reduce the tension, and reduce the slippage caused by wet conditions. Lagging grooves improve lagging traction and belt cleaning, extending roller life. When the outer rubber of the roller is abnormally worn, it should be replaced as soon as possible.

4. Upper and lower rollers: When checking the rollers, remove the foreign matter attached to the surface of the rollers, especially pay attention to the lower rollers, the attachments sometimes cause the conveyor belt to deviate and cause belt edge damage. For damaged and non-rotating idlers, they must be replaced in time. In addition, the management and lubrication regulations of idlers should be strictly followed. If too much butter is injected, it will leak onto the conveyor belt. After the surface of the conveyor belt is stained with butter and lubricating oil, the rubber will become soft and swell, delaminate, and peel off, and even the conveyor belt will be damaged. The rotation of the pulley is not synchronized, causing abnormal wear of the rubber belt.

The position of the upper roller is different and the inclined bending part (curvature radius) is improperly set. When material sticks to the surface of the roller, the idler roller will bulge, causing the belt to jump during operation and spill the material, and even cause damage to the belt, so it must be removed in time.

5. Tensioning device: Check whether the tensioning device can move, the stroke size, and whether the sliding condition of the guide frame is good, and regularly fill the guide frame with oil. Insufficient tensioning travel will reduce the safety of the tensioning device. Excessive tension will accelerate the fatigue of the conveyor belt, thereby increasing the elongation of the conveyor belt, which will eventually affect the normal operation of the conveyor belt, and it needs to be re-glued if necessary. If the tension is too small, the belt will slip on the drive roller, which will also accelerate the wear of the belt. Therefore, the tension or stroke of the tensioning device should be adjusted in time.

6. Conveyor belt: The inspection of the conveyor belt includes whether the upper and lower surfaces are damaged, whether the belt edge is damaged, whether the belt core skeleton is damaged, and whether there is any phenomenon of tripping, glue opening, delamination, opening, displacement, deflection, etc. . If the damage is found, simple partial repairs should be carried out immediately. When the damage is large, the car should be stopped immediately for thorough repairs. If the damage is serious, it must be replaced.